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Tripura
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Status: |
North Eastern State of India |
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Shopping: |
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History of: |
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Population: |
32 Lac |
Tripura is the second
smallest state in India. It was formally declared as Union Territory
on November 1st, 1957 and was elevated to the status of a full-fledged
state on January 21,1972. Tripura is one of the seven states in the
north eastern part of India located between 22 degree and 56 minutes
and 24 degree and 32 minutes north latitude and between 90 degree and
09 minutes and 92 degree and 20 minutes east latitude. It is bounded
on the north, west, south and south-east by Bangladesh whereas in the
east it has a common boundary with Assam and Mizoram. There is a
common belief that the name of the State has originated from "Tripura
Sundari" - the presiding deity of the land which is famous as one of
the 51 pethos of Hindu Pilgrims. Apart from this traditional view it
is believed that originally the land was known as "Tuipra" meaning a
land adjoining the water.
The state is covered by picturesque hills and dales, deep and green
valleys which have added beauty to its landscape. The state is
connected with the rest of India by only one road which runs through
the hills to the border of Cachar district in Assam. The state has
three districts with ten sub-divisions. The three districts are
Tripura west with Agartala as its headquarter (which is also the state
capital), Tripura north and Tripura south with Kailasahar and Udaipur
respectively as district headquarters.
Hill Ranges
From the east the principal hill ranges are the Jampoi, Sakham Tlang,
Langtarai, Athara Mura and Bara Mura. The highest peak of the state is
Be-talang-Shiv (3,200 ft) in the Jampoi hill range. A number of broad
and elongated valleys - Agartala - Udaipur - Sabrum, Khowai -
Teliamura - Amarpur - Silachari etc are located between the
north-south trending, parallel to sub-parallel high ranges
(topographic highs) such as the Baramura - Deotamura ranges,
Atharamura ranges, Langtari ranges, Sakham ranges and the Jampui hill
ranges.
Soils
The soil in the valley is fertile with rich alluvial deposits and
therefore suitable for the cultivation of paddy, jute, oilseeds,
pulses, fruits and vegetables. About 54.5% of the land is under
forest. Only about 24.3% area is available for agricultural use.
Rivers
The Khowati, the Manu, the Haorah, the Muhuri and the Gomati are some
important rivers of Tripura. Gomati is the largest river. Like the
Ganges in North India, the Gomati is considered to be the most sacred
of all the rivers in Tripura. The source of the river is taken to be
Tirthamukh where lies the beautiful Dumbar falls - one of the most
important holy places. The rivers Khowai, Doloi, Manu, Juri and Langai
are flowing towards the north and those flowing towards west are the
Gomati, Muhuri and Feni.
Agriculture
The chief occupation of the population in the state is agriculture.
The main activity of more than three-fourths of the workers is
agriculture. About 24.3% area is available for agriculture use. The
principal crops are paddy, wheat, jute, sugar cane, potato, turmeric,
coconut and oil seeds. Agriculture is being practiced in about 2.5
lakh hectares.
Stress on agricultural development during the last decades was given
for the increase in production of food grains. By providing essential
inputs in the form of improved seeds, fertilizers, plant protection
chemicals and by increasing substantially the area of cultivation
under HYV programme, it has been possible for the state to raise
production of food grains.
Significant steps have been taken to bring larger and larger areas
under the plant protection scheme. It is irrigation, the one input
which can do a lot for diversification, multiple cropping and
increasing yield of crops. But the progress on this front has not been
satisfactory. Another important input is seed. Initially the state
government faced considerable difficulties in bringing seed from
outside the state due to high cost. But now, large-sized seed
multiplication firms have been set up. Besides, a seed bank is
operating. Large scale demonstration programmes are taken up covering
all the branches with a view to transmitting scientific and
progressive technology in the field of agriculture.
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